基于纳米碳填料可拉伸导电聚合物复合材料的制备
Stretchable Conductive Polymer Composites Prepared with Nano-Carbon Fillers
碳系材料具有导电性强、稳定性好、价格低廉等优点,被广泛用于制备可拉伸导电复合材料,并且在可拉伸、可穿戴电子设备等领域有巨大的应用潜力,引起了研究者的密切关注。本文介绍了碳系材料的种类,主要有炭黑、碳纳米管和石墨烯等;总结了3种纳米复合材料的主要制备工艺:原位聚合法、熔融共混法和溶液混合法,并介绍了传统印刷技术和新型打印技术。分析了复合材料的导电机理,介绍了渗流阈值理论;并重点探讨了其在可拉伸传感器和可拉伸能量储存设备领域的应用。针对基于纳米碳填料制备的可拉伸导电聚合物复合材料指出目前研究的不足之处:导电填料分散性差、导电网络不稳定和无法大规模生产等,并提出了多种解决方案。对基于纳米碳填料制备的可拉伸导电聚合物复合材料在微型化、可拉伸、可穿戴电子设备领域的应用前景作出了展望。
Carbon-based materials have excellent conductivity, good stability, and low price. They are widely used in the preparation of stretchable conductive nanocomposites, and have tremendous application potential in the field of stretchable and wearable electronic devices, which has attracted lots of attention. This paper introduces the carbon-based materials, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes and graphene. The preparation methods of these nanocomposites are also summarized, such as in-situ polymerization, melt blending and solution mixing, followed by the introduction of traditional and new printing technology. Then this paper analyzes the conductive mechanisms of composite materials including the percolation threshold, and focuses on their application in the field of stretchable sensors and stretchable energy storage devices. The shortcomings of the current research on stretchable conductive composites based on nano-carbon fillers are pointed out: poor dispersion of conductive fillers, unstable conductive network and inability to mass-produce, and the corresponding solutions are put forward. Finally, the applications of stretchable conductive composites based on nano-carbon fillers are prospected, including miniaturized, stretchable and wearable electronic devices.
1 Introduction
2 Conductive composites based on nano⁃carbon fillers
2.1 Carbon black
2.2 Carbon nanotube
2.3 Graphene
3 Preparation of stretchable conductive composites
3.1 Polymer
3.2 Preparation of conductive ink
3.3 Printing technology
4 Conduction mechanism of stretchable conductive composites based on nano⁃carbon fillers
5 Application
5.1 Stretchable sensors
5.2 Stretchable energy storage device
6 Conclusion
碳材料 / 聚合物 / 复合材料 / 可拉伸电子设备 / 渗流阈值
carbon material / polymer / composites / stretchable electronic equipment / percolation threshold
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国家自然科学基金项目(21908161)
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