金属铁络合物光催化二氧化碳还原
Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Iron Complexes
二氧化碳(CO2)光催化还原技术因兼具解决能源和全球变暖问题的潜力而受到关注。金属铁络合物作为分子型催化剂,具有价格低廉、量子效率高、结构可调控和选择性好等优势,表现出优异的CO2光催化还原性能,成为CO2光催化还原领域的研究热点。本文综述了近年来基于金属铁络合物光催化二氧化碳还原研究进展。介绍了铁金属络合物(如:铁卟啉、铁多吡啶、五齿铁配合物)CO2均相光催化还原体系,总结了体系的构成以及作用机理等,着重关注了体系的催化效率和产物的选择性。此外,综述了以半导体纳米材料/量子点作为光敏剂,金属铁络合物作为催化剂的非均相催化体系的研究进展。最后,对该领域未来的研究方向和所面临的挑战做出展望。
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction for fuel production has attracted much attention due to its potential for simultaneously solving energy and global warming problems. As a molecular catalyst, earth-abundant and eco-friendly iron complexes take the advantages of adjustable structure, rich valence, and easy synthesis, exhibiting good CO2 photocatalytic reduction performance, and hence have attracted much attention in the field of CO2 photocatalytic reduction. This review focuses on the recent progress in photocatalytic reduction of CO2 based on iron complexes. First, the homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems using iron complex as catalyst, including iron porphyrin, iron polypyridine and iron pentadentate complex, are summarized. Visible-light-driven CO2 reduction system is generally composed of three basic components: photosensitizer for absorption of visible light, catalyst for catalytic reduction of CO2, and sacrificial electron donors for providing electrons in reduction reaction. Beyond catalytic efficiency, CO2 photoreduction is a multi-electron transfer process boosted by the catalysts and inevitable competition with hydrogen evolution is a general issue for molecular catalysis of the CO2-to-CO conversion, therefore the selectivity of the products is an important indicator. The selectivity and efficiency could be tuned by changing the ligand of iron complex, photosensitizer and sacrificial electron donors. Moreover, the mechanisms for the homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 reduction, including catalyst activation and reduction process, are deciphered in detail. Second, the recent works of heterogeneous catalytic systems, which combine semiconductor nanomaterials/quantum dots with metal iron complexes as catalysts, are introduced. Considering the superior stability and fairly strong light absorption capacity of inorganic materials to the organic counterparts, the solid nanomaterials can be used as the photosensitizers to incorporate with the molecular catalysts. At the end, the current issues and perspectives on photocatalytic reduction of CO2 based on iron complexes are discussed. For examples, porphyrin metal organic frameworks become a new research interest, and the design and construction of iron porphyrin metal organic frameworks is a promising way for getting new photocatalytic systems functioning in aqueous conditions. Besides, further efforts could be made on the mechanistic studies, especially the 8e-/8H+ reduction to methane.
1 Introduction
2 Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2reduction systems using iron complex as catalyst
2.1 Iron porphyrin as photocatalyst
2.2 Iron polypyridine as photocatalyst
2.3 Iron pentadentate complex as photocatalyst
3 Heterogeneous photocatalytic CO2reduction systems using iron complex as catalyst
3.1 Semiconductor nanomaterials as photosensitizers
3.2 Quantum dots as photosensitizers
4 Conclusion and outlook
CO2光催化还原 / 铁卟啉 / 铁络合物 / 均相光催化 / 人工光合作用
CO2 photoreduction / iron porphyrin / iron complex / homogeneous photocatalysis / artificial photosynthesis
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国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目(21822607)
能源与环境光催化国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLPEE-KF201701)
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