基于碳点的发光材料在潜在手印显现中的应用
Application of Luminescent Materials Based on Carbon Dots in Development of Latent Fingerprints
遗留在犯罪现场的肉眼不可见的潜在手印是一类重要的痕迹物证,检验鉴定前需要使用一定技术手段将其显现出来。近年来,一些新材料和新技术的引入为手印显现技术的革新注入了新活力,其中稀土发光材料、量子点、荧光金属纳米簇等发光材料在该领域展现出极大潜力。碳点作为具有良好光致发光性能的新型纳米材料,近来逐渐引起了手印显现领域研究人员的广泛关注。本文综述了两类基于碳点材料的手印显现技术国内外研究进展,分别是液体分散碳点用于手印显现和固态发光碳点用于手印显现。具体来说,液体分散碳点显现手印的原理主要基于传统小微粒悬浮液机理或一些特殊效应(咖啡环效应、界面偏析效应);用于手印显现的固态发光碳点包括固态碳点粉末和固态碳点复合粉末两类,合成这些材料时研究人员采用了不同的策略。最后,从三个方面分析了碳点在手印显现应用中面临的问题,即碳点物理形貌和表面性质、碳点光致发光性质以及碳点显现过程与化学生物分析兼容性,并就解决问题的可能途径提出了展望。
Latent fingerprints left at crime scenes are important trace evidence but invisible to the unaided eye. It is essential to use some methods to make latent fingerprints visible before analysis and identification. The introduction of new materials and techniques has promoted the innovation of fingerprint development methods in recent years. Especially many photoluminescent materials such as rare earth luminescent materials, quantum dots and fluorescent metal nano⁃clusters have shown high potentials in this field. Carbon dots (CDs), as a type of relatively new nanomaterial exhibiting good photoluminescent properties, have lately caught the attention of researchers in fingerprint development. In this paper, recent advances in the application of solution⁃dispersed CDs and solid⁃state CDs powders in fingerprint development are reviewed. To be specific, solution⁃dispersed CDs used in fingerprint development rely on either the classical mechanism of small particle reagents or some special effects including coffee⁃ring effect and interfacial segregation effect; while solid⁃state CDs powders used in fingerprint development include CDs powders and CDs⁃based composite powders which are prepared following different strategies. The challenges in this research area concerning morphologies and surface properties of CDs, photoluminescent properties of CDs, and compatibility with chemical and biological analysis are analyzed. Meanwhile, possible solutions are also proposed to provide guidance to researchers.
碳点 / 光致发光 / 潜在手印 / 手印显现 / 法庭科学
carbon dot / photoluminescence / latent fingerprint / fingerprint development / forensic science
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国家自然科学基金项目(21802169)
国家自然科学基金项目(21205139)
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKZ0076)
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKZ0068)
中央高校基本科研业务费计划项目(D2021021)
辽宁省2020年度“百千万人才工程”项目和国家级大学生创新训练计划(202110175005)
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