The rapid development of nanotechnology offers wide prospects for the application of nanomaterials in different areas of industry, technology and medicine. Meanwhile, the biological effect and safety of nanoparticles have attracted worldwide attention. To ensure the healthy and sustainable development of nanotechnology, the interaction of nanoparticles with organisms and the biological effect produced by nanoparticles can not be neglected.To understand the biological effects of nanoparticles, investigating how the nanoparticles entrance into organisms and the complicated molecular aspects of nano-bio interactions is crucial. The main routes of nanoparticles entering the organisms are introduced. The interaction of nanoparticles with protein, the influencing factors and characterization of the interaction are reviewed in detail. The effects of nano-protein interaction on the structure and function of protein and the biological impact of nanoparticles are summarized. Contents
1 Introduction
2 The main routes of nanoparticles entrance into the body
2.1 The respiratory system
2.2 The skin
2.3 The gastrointestinal system
3 The interaction of nanoparticles with proteins
4 The characterization of the interaction of nanoparticles with proteins
5 The effect of the interaction of nanoparticles with proteins
5.1 The effect on the structure and function of proteins
5.2 The effect on the characteristics and biological effect of nanoparticles
6 Outlook