Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials have been widely used in a number of fields. The growing use of nanomaterial requires careful assessment of unexpected toxicities (cytotoxicity, hemolytic toxicity, haematological toxicity and immunogenicity toxicity) and biological interactions. To present, there have been a large number of studies aimed at examining and understanding the interactions between nanoparticles and human cells or proteins, and some achievement has been made in the research. In clinical applications, some biomedical nanomaterials are often introduced into the blood tissue by intravenous administration, penetration, solubilization, diffusion, etc. Blood is a highly complexity tissue composed mainly of red blood cells , white cells, platelets, and plasma. Among them, blood plasma is a complex fluid containing over 3700 different proteins. In any case, the contact and interaction of the nanomaterials with highly abundant plasma proteins are unavoidable. However, the interactions between nanomaterials and blood plasma may play a crucial role in determining the toxicity of nanomaterials. To date, little is known about how nanomaterials will interact with plasma proteins (or other blood components) at molecular level. Here we mainly review recent research that involves the interaction of three representative polymeric nanomaterials (polycations, polymeric micelles, and drug (gene)/carrier composite nanoparticles) with plasma proteins and their associated diverse analytical techniques. This knowledge is important from the perspective of molecular design and blood safety of nanomaterials for in vivo applications.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Analytical tools
3 Interaction of polycations with plasma proteins
3.1 Polyethylenimine
3.2 Chitosan
3.3 Polyamidoamine
4 Interaction of polymeric micelles with plasma proteins
5 Interaction of drug (gene)/carrier composite nanoparticles with plasma proteins
6 Interaction of other polymeric nanomaterials with plasma proteins
7 Conclusion