The phosphorylation of proteins is a reversible post-translational modification, which is almost involved in all the life activities in organisms. Protein phosphorylation plays a significant role in specific genes expressing, cell proliferation and differentiation, especially in the further transduction of various life activities. Based on the changes of electrochemical signal, protein phosphorylation can be detected conveniently by electrochemical methods because of its high sensitivity and selectivity. This review summarizes several electrochemical methods for the detection of phosphorylation based on the electrode materials, and the common materials or molecules using for electrode modification. At the end of this review, the advantages and disadvantages, as well as a prospect of effective electrochemical detection of phosphorylation are given.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 The electrochemical detection for protein phosphorylation based on modified electrode
3 Several methods about electrode modification
3.1 Monolayer modified electrode
3.2 Multi molecular layer modified electrode
4 Several common modified electrodes used for electrochemical detection of protein phosphorylation
4.1 Electrochemical biosensor based on screen printed electrodes
4.2 Substrate peptide modified gold electrode
4.3 Glassy carbon electrodes
4.4 Indium tin oxide electrodes
4.5 Other modified electrodes
5 Conclusion and outlook