This review presents current research activities concerning preparation and applications of perovskite-type oxides as electrode materials in the fields of solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and metal-air batteries. These oxides are synthesized by various methods, including thermal deposition, solid state method, co-precipitation, sol-gel method, hydrothermal method, reverse microemulsion method and template method. These methods result in various morphologies, such as nanaoplates, nanocubes,nanotubes, nanorods, nanofibers and mesoporous structures. The advantage and shortcoming of these methods are summarized, and their characters and proper ranges are listed. As a kind of important functional materials, perovskite-type oxides are extensively used as electrode materials. In the application of SOFCs, the advancement of the perovskite-based electrode materials is reviewed. In order to find a way to satisfy the strict requirements of SOFCs, this article is focused on their phase stability, electronic and/or ionic conductivity, and catalytic activity in different electrodes for SOCFs. The main problems of current perovskite-type oxides as electrode materials for practical application are pointed out and the possible future research directions are proposed. In the application of air electrodes, the parameters influencing catalytic performance and stability for oxygen reduction/evolution are mainly discussed. The possible development trend in investigations and applications of pervoskite-type oxides for electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction/evolution in the future is envisioned.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of perovskite-type oxides
2.1 Metal salt deposition
2.2 Solid state method
2.3 Co-precipitation
2.4 Sol-gel method
2.5 Hydrothermal method
2.6 Reverse microemulsion method
2.7 Template methods
3 Applications of perovskite-electrode materials
3.1 Solid oxide fuel cells
3.2 Metal-air batteries
4 Conclusion and outlook