Convenient, rapid as well as environmentally-friendly, solid-phase microextraction is(SPME) a sample preparation technique, which draws widespread attention among the scientific community. The extraction phases in the SPME fibers determine their selectivity and extraction efficiency, hence, a series of new fiber coatings with excellent physical and chemical properties are developed for detection of various small organic molecules in complex sample matrices. Herein, we give a brief review of some materials widely used for the preparation of new SPME fibers, including polymers, carbonaceous materials, metal-organic framework, and some other materials, with the emphasis on the fiber preparation methodologies, the microstructures and extraction properties of the novel fiber coatings, together with applications of the synthesized fibers on environmental analysis, food analysis and inspection on textile and leather samples. Furthermore, future developing trends and application prospects of the new fiber coatings are discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Polymers
2.1 Commonly used polymers
2.2 Porous polymers
2.3 Molecularly-imprinted polymers
2.4 Polyelectrolytes
2.5 Electrospining
3 Carbonaceous materials
3.1 Graphene
3.2 Carbon nanotubes
3.3 Porous carbons
4 Metal-organic framework
4.1 MIL
4.2 MAF
4.3 Bio-MOFs
4.4 MOF@IL
4.5 MOF-polymer composite
5 Other materials
5.1 Titanium dioxide nanomaterials
5.2 C18
5.3 Mesoporous organosilica
6 Conclusion