After more than forty years development, the preparation techniques of ion-imprinted materials have become mature and diverse. According to the main characteristics of the ion-imprinted materials, they can be classified into three groups:bulk imprinting materials, surface imprinting materials and magnetic ion-imprinted materials. The imprinting sites are distributed in the whole body for bulk imprinting materials, while only in the surface for surface imprinting materials. Magnetic ion-imprinted materials can be separated easily due to their magnetism, and their imprinting sites can be distributed in the whole body as well as only in the surface. The paper reviews the preparation methods of normal bulk ion-imprinted materials, including bulk/solution/precipitation/dispersion/suspension/emulsion polymerization methods, phenol-aldehyde/amine-aldehyde condensation polymerization methods, sol-gel process method, combination of free-radical polymerization and sol-gel process method, method using chitosan as ligand and backbone, etc. In addition, the preparation methods of nanoscale bulk ion-imprinted particles and thermo-sensitive bulk ion-imprinted materials are also reviewed. Finally, the future application and development of bulk ion-imprinted materials are prospected.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of normal bulk ion-imprinted materials
2.1 Bulk polymerization method
2.2 Solution polymerization method
2.3 Precipitation polymerization method
2.4 Dispersion polymerization method
2.5 Suspension polymerization method
2.6 Emulsion polymerization method
2.7 Condensation polymerization method
2.8 Sol-gel process method
2.9 Method of combination of free-radical polymerization and sol-gel process
2.10 Prepared with chitosan
2.11 Other methods
3 Preparation of nanoscale bulk ion-imprinted particles
4 Preparation of thermo-sensitive ion-imprinted materials
5 Conclusion and outlook