Platinum(Ⅳ) compounds which exert unique advantages as antitumor drugs,have aroused wide attention of researchers in pharmaceutical area. A great deal of efforts have been devoted to this field, and many remarkable results are achieved. The investigation on platinum(Ⅳ) compounds has become an active and hot topic. Large numbers of complexes with high activity, low toxicity, low drug-resistance, high bioavailability, satisfactory pharmacokinetic property and remarkable tumor targeting property have been prepared and evaluated in recent years. The current work is mainly focused on the following two aspects:(1) Platinum(Ⅳ) compounds based on classical platinum drugs. Various functional axial ligands are incorporated to platinum system to construct novel multi-functional platinum(Ⅳ) compounds with effective activities. (2) Platinum(Ⅳ) compounds based on non-classical platinum compounds are obtained by modifying the transverse ligands to prepare platinum(Ⅳ) complexes with non-classical platinum(Ⅱ) cores, and these target compounds have shown great competence in overcoming drug resistance of platinum drugs. Moreover, photosensitive platinum(Ⅳ) compounds have good performance in photodynamic therapy which is a new trend of clinical cancer treatment. Platinum(Ⅳ) compounds are of great potentials to be developed as the next generation of approved platinum anticancer drugs with oral administration. Herein, by combining authors' research and referring to the works from literatures in recent five years, the research progress of small molecular platinum(Ⅳ) compounds as antitumor agents is systematically reviewed, and the perspectives of the foreseeable future of platinum(Ⅳ) compounds as medicinal drugs are also presented.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Platinum (Ⅳ) compounds based on classical platinum drugs
2.1 Lipid/water tuning
2.2 Membrane protein targeting
2.3 Energy metabolism enzyme targeting
2.4 Mitochondrial targeting
2.5 HSA targeting
2.6 Inflammatory factor targeting
2.7 DNA targeting
2.8 HDAC targeting
2.9 Others
3 Platinum (Ⅳ) compounds based on non-classical platinum compounds
3.1 Modification of stable ligands
3.2 Modification of leaving ligands
3.3 Photosensitive platinum (Ⅳ) compounds with azido ligands
4 Conclusion