Lithium ion batteries(LIBs) have been widely used as the energy storage system for the applications of the laptop, the communication equipment and the consumer electronics. And importantly, it will be largely used in the electrical vehicles in the near future. Silicon with a high theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh·g^-1(more than 10 time of current graphite anode) is one of the most promising alternative anode material for the next generation of LIBs. However, the electrode pulverization, continuous growth of solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) and lithium consumption in silicon anode material based batteries usually happen during charge/discharge process due to its huge volume change. Moreover, the weak interaction between conventional binder and silicon anode material results in the continuous separation of silicon active material. These problems severely hinder the practical application of silicon anode material. This review systematically summarize the recent progress of silicon and its related materials for LIBs. The content includes the fabrication of silicon materials, the structure of silicon materials, binders, electrolytes and electrolyte additives. Finally, the future development direction of silicon-based materials is presented.