Metal-carbon dioxide(Me-CO₂) batteries can not only fix carbon dioxide effectively, but also serve as clean energy storage devices, which are considered as potential candidates for the next generation of energy conversion and storage, as well as carbon dioxide capture and utilization. However, due to the slow electrochemical reaction of the cathode, the instability of the electrolyte, and the difficult reversible conversion of the discharge product, the current Me-CO₂ batteries are impeded by low capacity and rate capability, high polarizability, low energy conversion efficiency, and short cycle life. In this paper, we provide insights on the current main research progress of Me-CO₂ batteries based on metal(lithium, sodium, aluminum, zinc, potassium) anodes, including discharge/charging mechanism, CO₂ electrode and electrocatalysts, electrolyte materials and metal electrodes, etc. Considerable emphasis is placed on the effects of function material on the stability and rate of electrode reaction. In addition, the prospects and directions for the rational construction of materials are prospected to improve the electrochemical performance of Me-CO₂ batteries and provide guidance for the development of Me-CO₂ batteries.

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