Imprinted composite membranes(IcMs) not only possess the efficient separation performance of membranes, but also possess the selective separation performance of imprinted polymers, which have attracted extensive attention all over the world for their well and precise separation property for target substances and high membrane flux. However, the research progress on IcMs has not been summarized yet, and problems existed in research process and the future perspective of IcMs are not analyzed and forecast. This paper summarizes the research and development process of IcMs and the research progress in preparation technology of IcMs, then classify IcMs according to their structure to several categories, namely, IcMs of a single-layer structure, IcMs of a dual-layer structure, IcMs of a multi-layer structure, IcMs of 3D macroporous structure and IcMs with smart sensing and separation properties. Finally, the preparation methods, structural characteristics and identification/separation properties of IcMs, and the potential problems coupled with those aspects are summarized and a future developing direction of this field is prospected.