The diversity of cathode electron acceptor of microbial fuel cell(MFC) can realize its cathode denitrification, so as to make rational use of the generated electric energy. Therefore, cathode denitrification has become a research direction of MFC, and also provides a new possibility for the removal of nitrogen from actual wastewater. However, there are many factors in the reaction process that will cause NOx-N to compete with other electron acceptors for anode electrons, which affects the utilization of electrons in the cathode denitrification process, resulting in practical problems such as low nitrogen removal efficiency. At present, research has been conducted to make up for the defects of electricity generation by optimizing the structure of MFC and coupling it with other process systems to realize simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, so as to increase the denitrification efficiency and reduce the demand for carbon source, so as to solve the problem of microbial fuel cell cathode denitrification. In this paper, the research progress at home and abroad is reviewed and the future research direction is predicted from the aspects of different denitrification processes of MFC, the factors affecting MFC cathode denitrification, such as MFC process conditions(pH, C/N, DO), polar chamber separation materials, and the composition of cathode denitrification microbial community.