Biobutanol is acknowledged as a direct alternative of gasoline, which can meet the demand of sustainable economic development for renewable liquid fuel. Lignocellulosic biomass is an ideal raw material for the biobutanol production due to its merits of being renewable, cheap and easily accessible. However, the complex structure of lignocellulose hinders its direct hydrolysis, and efficient pretreatment is essential for its commercial application. As a novel and environmentally friendly solvent, deep eutectic solvents(DESs) have high potential for biomass pretreatment due to its advantages of low cost, low toxicity, strong solubility, excellent selectivity and biocompatibility. This article mainly focuses on the application of DES in lignocellulose pretreatment for biobutanol production. Firstly, the types and properties of DESs are introduced. Secondly, the dissolution efficiency of components in lignocellulose in DESs is summarized, and the effects of DESs pretreatment on enzymatic hydrolysis and butanol fermentation process are discussed. Thirdly, the application potential of consolidated bioprocessing in the production of biobutanol is reviewed by combing various bioprocessing processes. Finally, the prospects of DESs pretreatment lignocellulose for producing biobutanol are proposed.