The concept of condensed matter chemistry is proposed as a new scientific discipline. It studies the composition, the multi-level structure, properties and chemical reactions of matters in condensed states formed via stable adhesions. This compares to the classical chemistry, which studies more localized issues, namely the properties of basic particles like atoms, ions and molecules and their electron-moving reactions. In this article, we use examples from solid state matters to illustrate cutting-edge research issues related to(1) the multi-level structures,(2) chemical properties and reactions,(3) constructive chemistry, and(4) novel characterization techniques of condensed matters. In-depth discussions regarding key scientific questions of the new discipline are presented, to set a stage enabling us to reexamine the core scientific issues in the classical chemistry, namely chemical reactions, in the new and larger context and to study the relationships among multi-level structures of condensed matters, chemical properties and reactions, and construction rational synthesis and precision preparation for materials in condensed matter states. The goals are to develop theories of “condensed matter organization” and “chemical reactions”, leading to the full development of the science of condensed matter chemistry as well as condensed matter engineering.