Lithium-ion batteries （LIBs） exhibit promising application prospects in the field of new energy owing to their advantages of high energy density， long cycle life， and low self-discharge rate. As a critical component of LIBs， the anode directly affects the overall performance of the battery. However， the low theoretical specific capacity of conventional graphite anodes limits further enhancement of LIB energy density. Alloy-type anode materials are regarded as alternative candidates that can significantly enhance the energy density of LIBs， nevertheless， these materials undergo large volume expansion during the charge-discharge process， leading to substantial irreversible consumption of active lithium in the initial cycles， hindering their practical implementation in LIBs. Furthermore， alloy-type anodes suffer from poor interfacial stability with electrolytes， which readily triggers side reactions and causes problems such as the easy rupture of the solid electrolyte interphase （SEI） layer. Based on this， this paper systematically reviews the interface interaction mechanisms between alloy-type anodes and electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries， with particular focus on expounding the interaction mechanisms among mechanical damage induced by the volume expansion of alloy anodes， chemical failure caused by interfacial side reactions， and the dynamic instability of the SEI layer. Furthermore， it summarizes the effects of strategies including nanostructure design， electrolyte additive regulation， and surface coating modification on alloy anodes. The limitations of these existing modification strategies are presented， and prospects for the future development of lithium-ion batteries are proposed.