Interfacial Process and Transmembrane Transport Mechanism of Atmospheric Organic Pollutants Across the Pulmonary Air-Blood Barrier
Laijin Zhong , Ting Ruan , Guibin Jiang
Progress in Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8) : 1428 -1439.
The pulmonary absorption barrier serves as the primary and most critical biological interface for inhaled organic pollutants， governing their ability to cross the respiratory epithelium and enter systemic circulation， thereby influencing internal exposure， tissue distribution， and toxic outcomes. This review examines the mechanisms governing pollutant translocation across the lung barrier， integrates experimental and computational approaches for assessing pulmonary permeability， and highlights their relevance for advancing inhalation exposure assessment and health risk evaluation.
1 Introduction
2 Coordinated defense mechanisms in the lung
2.1 Natural respiratory tract barrier
2.2 Mucociliary clearance
2.3 Pulmonary air-blood barrier
3 Potential routines to across pulmonary air-blood barrier for inhaled organic pollutants
3.1 Physicochemical properties and passive diffusion
3.2 Structural similarity and transporter-mediated uptake
3.3 Inflammation-associated disruption of the pulmonary barrier
3.4 Atmospheric chemistry and microbial transformation
3.5 Particle-assisted translocation
4 Evaluation of lung absorption for inhaled organic pollutants
4.1 In-vitro lung epithelial cell monolayer-based methods
4.2 Ex‑vivo isolated perfused lung model
4.3 In‑vivo whole animal-based methods
4.4 Lung‑on‑a‑chip model
4.5 Stem cell engineering
4.6 In silico prediction
5 Conclusion and outlook
pulmonary air-blood barrier / exposome / air pollution / organic pollutants / inhalation bioavailability
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22206200)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22206198)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42277378)
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