Tandem hydroformylation reaction is based on hydroformylation, with one or more different types of reactions "one pot" to achieve the follow-up directional conversion of aldehydes, to get new organic molecules. The products have very important applications in the production of daily chemical industry, agriculture or medical intermediates. In this paper, the importance of olefin tandem hydroformylation to prepare high value-added chemicals in recent years is briefly introduced, then several common tandem hydroformylation (Tandem “Isomerization-hydroformylation”, Tandem “Hydroformylation-acetalization”, Tandem “Hydroformylation-hydrogenation”, Tandem “Hydroformylation-(reductive) amination”) in the design of new (multifunctional) catalyst systems and efficient synthesis of target products are introduced. Finally, the existing problems and future development of the reaction are prospected.